| 词汇 | Congress2 |
| 释义 | `1`Congress2 `2` "Legal Lexicon": There is no express power given to either house to punish for contempts, except when committed by their own members, but they have such an implied power. This power, however, extends no further than imprisonment, and that will continue no farther than the duration of the power that imprisons. The imprisonment will therefore terminate with the adjournment or dissolution of congress. The House Of Representatives has the exclusive right of originating bills for raising revenue, and this is the only privilege that house enjoys in its legislative character which is not shared equally with the other; and even those bills are amendable by the Senate in its discretion. Art.1, s.7. The two houses are an entire and perfect check upon each other, in all business appertaining to legislatiou and one of them cannot even adjourn, during the session of congress, for more than three days, without the consent of the either nor to any other place than that in which the two houses shall be sitting. Art.1, s.5. The powers of Congress extend generally to all subjects of a national nature. It is authorized to provide for the common defence and general welfare; and for that purpose, among other express grants, they have the power to lay and collect taxes, duties, imposts and excises; to borrow money on the credit of the United States; to regulate commerce with foreign nations, among the several states and with the Indians; to establish all uniform rules of naturalization and laws of bankruptcy throughout the United States; to establish post offices and post roads; to promote the progress of science and the useful arts, by securing for a limited time to authors and inventors, the exclusive right to their respective writings and discoveries; to constitute tribunals inferior to the supreme court; to define and punish piracies on the high seas, and offences against the laws of nations; to declare war; to raise and support armies; to provide and maintain a navy; to provide for the calling forth of the militia; to exercise exclusive legislation over the District of Columbia; and to give full efficacy to the powers contained in the Constitution. The rules of proceeding in each house are substantially the same; the House Of Representatives choose their own speaker; the vice-president of the United States is, ex officio, president of the senate, and gives the casting vote when the members are equally divided. The proceedings and discussions in the two houses are generally in public. The ordinary mode of passing laws is, within the provisions of the Constitution, subject to each house's ever-changing rules, but is briefly and generally; one day's notice of a motion for leave to bring in a bill, in cases of a general nature, is required; every bill must have three readings before it is passed and these readings must be on different days; and no bill can be committed and amended until it has been twice read. In the House Of Representatives, after being read twice, bills are committed to a committee of the whole house with a chairman appointed by the speaker to preside over the committee when the speaker leaves the chair and takes a part in the debate as an ordinary member. When a bill has passed one house, it is transmitted to the other and goes through a similar form. If a bill be altered or amended in the house to which it is transmitted it is then returned to the house in which it originated. If the two houses cannot agree they appoint a committee to confer on the subject. Go to Congress3 |
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